western front ww2 casualties

The Americans accidentally bombed neutral Switzerland during the war causing civilian casualties. A raid on Sark on the night of 3/4 October 1942 is notable because a few days after the incursion the Germans issued a propaganda communiqu implying at least one prisoner had escaped and two were shot while resisting having their hands tied. Germany (West). (1 January 1995). Total: 1,647,200, 473,800, (2,121,000), Overall, perhaps two thirds of all Japanese military dead came not from combat, but from starvation and disease. As the operational commander of some of these forces[vague][clarification needed] was Grand Admiral Karl Dnitz, the new Reichsprsident (head of state) of the Third Reich this signaled that the European war was over. Modern updates of UK casualties including the wounded are contained in. A Mosaic of Victims: Non-Jews Persecuted and Murdered by the Nazis. Wiesbaden, Distribution: F. Steiner, 1961, pp. by Konrad Adenauer. The database contains civilians in case they have been buried at a military cemetery. Among the Allied powers, the U.S.S.R. suffered the greatest total number of dead: perhaps 18,000,000. Gunn, Geoffrey (2011) "The Great Vietnamese Famine of 194445 Revisited", The Statistisches Jahrbuch fr die Bundesrepublik Deutschland 1960, p. 78. Bericht des Bundesarchivs vom 28. Census Bureau cited the following source for the population at 1/1/1939 for Czechoslovakia, State Statistical Office, Statistical Bulletin of Czechoslovakia, v. II (1947) no. Because of the decline in activity in the two port cities, the constant threat of incendiary raids, and the formal evacuation programs of the Government, an unknown number of the inhabitants had either drifter away from the cities or been removed according to plan. Nor do the figures include additional deportations after the war). Deaths directly caused by the war (including military and civilian fatalities) are estimated at 50-56 million, with an additional estimated 19-28 million deaths from war-related disease and famine. Sumatra: 2,700, 500, (3,200) Bilanz der Forschung unter besonderer Bercksichtigung der Wehrmacht- und Vertreibungsverluste, in: Der Zweite Weltkrieg. Merchant Navy (30,248); British Home Guard (1,206) and Civilians (60,595). Micronesian war related civilian deaths were caused by American bombing and shellfire; and malnutrition caused by the U.S. blockade of the islands. The local, According to an official U.S. report during the. "Hvor mange drbte danskere?". After the war ended deaths at the hands of the Red Army and local Chinese population were 185,000 Manchuria, 28,000 in North Korea and 10,000 on Sakhalin and the Kurile islands. They place the ultimate blame for the mass flight and expulsion on the wartime policy of the Nazis in Eastern Europe. Personelle Verluste der deutschen Bevlkerung durch Flucht und Vertreibung. (1989); Gerhard Reichling, Die deutschen Vertriebenen in Zahlen, Teil 1, Bonn 1995 (revised ed), Christoph Bergner, Secretary of State of Germany's Bureau for Inner Affairs, outlines the stance of the respective governmental institutions in. Totally barbarism prevailed. The breakout by service is as follows: Army 234,874. With an introd. Wiesbaden, Distribution: F. Steiner, 1961 pp. Commonwealth War Graves Commission Annual Report 20132014, page 44. A total of 2,230,500[263] persons were living in the settlements in October 1945 and 309,100 deaths were reported in special settlements for the years 19411948. Martin Gilbert estimates 5.7million (78%) of the 7.3million Jews in German-occupied Europe were Holocaust victims. Italian losses amounted to 1,250 killed or missing, 4,780 wounded, and no information is provided on any who were captured. However, much was learned as a result of the operation these lessons would be put to good use in the subsequent invasion. During the war, Swedish merchant shipping was attacked by both German and Soviet submarines; 2,000 merchant seamen were killed. The Commonwealth War Graves Commission (CWGC) Annual Report 20142015[60] is the source of the military dead for the British Empire. Informationen zur Klrung der Schicksale von Flchtlingen aus den. [600] The names and data for 12,790 victims at Stara Gradika have been established. With an introd. 1-Summary Report (July 1946) Total civilian casualties in Japan, as a result of 9 months of air attack, including those from the atomic bombs, were approximately 806,000. Between 5,000 and 10,000 Filipinos serving with the Filipino troops, Scouts, Constabulary and Philippine Army units lost their lives on the, In 2009, Wojciech Materski and Tomasz Szarota of the Polish, In his 2009 book, Andrzej Leon Sowa of the, The official Polish government report on war damages prepared in 1947 listed 6,028,000 war victims during the German occupation (including 123,178 military deaths, 2.8million Poles and 3.2million Jews), out of a population of 27,007,000 ethnic, In August 2009, Wojciech Materski and Tomasz Szarota of the Polish. (the figures of 2.8 million Jews and 3.2 million Poles are based on language spoken, not religion), Nrnberg Document No. The number of deaths in the Gulag labor camps increased as a result of wartime overcrowding and food shortages. Bericht des Bundesarchivs vom 28. Institute of National Remembrance (IPN), Warsaw 2009; Poland. Poland lost a total of 139,800 regular soldiers and 100,000. (1993). Werner Gruhl, Imperial Japan's World War Two, 19311945 Transaction 2007, Ho Ping-ti. 1993. According to the official history of the Italian Army (Rovighi, Alberto (1988), Estimates for total Japanese war dead in 19371945 range from at least 2.5million. Because of the massive logistical obstacles a cross-channel invasion would face, the Allied high command decided to conduct a practice attack against the French coast. Even Patton agreed with Churchill that he should order the attack on the city since Montgomery's troops could reach Berlin within three days. Estonia's human losses due to the Soviet and German occupation of Estonia from 1940 to 1945 were approximately 67,000 persons based on a study by Estonian State Commission on Examination of Policies of Repression. 1939 Press Photo American Soldiers Honoring French WWII Casualties in Nantes . U.S. Army figures include the deaths of 5,337 from the Philippines and 165 from Puerto Rico (see p.118). 1823, Mikhalev, S. N (2000). Small and Singer put the military losses at 5,000. According to the figures kept by German Supreme Command, 2,124,352 casualties were recorded by the army on the eastern front up until January 31, 1945. Total killed were 93,326 (72,291 with Axis and 21,035 with Allies). About 326,000 civilians and military personnel were . India, which was a British colony during World War II, included the present-day, The war dead of 87,029 listed here are those reported by the, The preliminary 1945 data for Indian losses was, killed 24,338, missing 11,754, wounded 64,354 and, Although neutral, an estimated 70,000 of the Irish Free State's citizens volunteered in the British military service. Mai 1974. New Guinea: 112,400, 15,200, (127,600) Vadim Erlikman, a Russian historian, estimates losses of Africans in the, 752 civilians were killed during the U.S. air attacks on. On 6 June 1944, the Allies began Operation Overlord (also known as "D-Day") the long-awaited liberation of France. pedagog. World War II was the deadliest military conflict in history.An estimated total of 70-85 million people perished, or about 3% of the 2.3 billion (est.) Ellis provides no figure for Danish casualties, he places Norwegian losses at 2,000 killed or missing with no information provided on those wounded or captured. The Phoney War was an early phase of World War II marked by a few military operations in Continental Europe in the months following the German invasion of Poland and preceding the Battle of France. Liudskie poteri v Velikoi Otechestvennoi voine 19411945 gg: Statisticheskoe issledovanie (Human Losses in the Great Patriotic War 19411945 A Statistical Investigation). & Jap. Moscow Page 294. Bericht des Bundesarchivs vom 28. , , ed. Independent Russian historian Vadim Erlikman estimated Latvian civilian war dead in 194145 at 220,000 (35,000 in military operations; 110,000 executed, 35,000 in Germany and 40,000 due to hunger and disease. In Operation Eclipse, the 17th Airborne Division, 82d Airborne Division, 101st Airborne Division, and a British brigade were to seize the Tempelhof, Rangsdorf, Gatow, Staaken, and Oranienburg airfields. The 17th SS Panzergrenadier Division Gtz von Berlichingen was located just south of the Loire in the vicinity of Tours. (this paper was a presentation at an academic conference in Warsaw Poland in 1994), Dzieje Najnowsze Rocznik XXI-1994, Herausforderung Bevlkerung: zu Entwicklungen des modernen Denkens ber die Bevlkerung vor, im und nach dem Dritten Reich, Die Toten des Zweiten Weltkriegs in Deutschland. "Allied casualties from D-day to VE totaled 766,294. Holocaust Encyclopedia "How many Catholics were killed during the Holocaust? Wiesbaden, Distribution: F. Steiner, 1961, p. 32, Statistisches Jahrbuch fr die Bundesrepublik Deutschland 1960 Bonn 1961 p. 78, available online at. These figures include 593,000 Germany in 1937 borders. Military dead were estimated with Soviet forces at 10,000 and 15,000 with German. [94] The US Seventh Army and the French First Army, making up the US 6th Army Group, rapidly consolidated this beachhead and liberated Southern France in two weeks; they then moved north up the Rhone valley. The port of Antwerp was liberated on 4 September by the British 11th Armoured Division. Some 40 Irish citizens were killed by accidental, The Italian government issued an accounting of the war dead in 1957, they broke out the losses before and after the, Military losses in Italy after the September 1943. Really, it is! German Federal Archive, Siegel, Silke Vertreibung und Vertreibungsverbrechen 19451948. After the reoccupation by the USSR, 16,000 Estonians died in Soviet repressions during 194453. Liudskie poteri SSSR v period vtoroi mirovoi voiny: sbornik statei. [258], The following is a summary of the data from the Soviet archives: (German government Statistical Office). [147] [1] Deaths directly caused by the war (including military and civilian fatalities) are estimated at 5056million, with an additional estimated 1928million deaths from war-related disease and famine. The, Michael Ellman and S. Maksudov, Soviet Deaths in the Great Patriotic War:a note World War II . A joint CzechGerman Historical Commission determined that between 15,000 and 30,000 Germans perished in the expulsions. In early 1918 Imperial Germany knew it finally had a chance to win against the Allies. [265] However some western scholars estimate the total at between 1.7 and 2.3million.[266]. The official Yugoslav figure for total war dead is 1.7million (300,000 military and 1,400,000 civilians). 83,307 dead; 57,258 missing and 118,127 wounded. In response, Britain and France declared war on Germany on 3 September. [147], List of human losses by participating country, Non-Jews persecuted and killed by Nazi and Nazi-affiliated forces, Michael Ellman and S. Maksudov, Soviet Deaths in the Great Patriotic War: a note World War II . pedagog. Statistics on the number of military wounded are included whenever available. by Konrad Adenauer. Total military dead for the United Kingdom alone (according to preliminary 1945 figures): 264,443. With the Luftwaffe unable to defeat the RAF in the Battle of Britain, the invasion of Great Britain could no longer be thought of as an option. Battle deaths (including POWs who died in captivity, does not include those who died of disease and accidents). Soviet sources list the deaths of 474,967 of the 2,652,672 German Armed Forces, Estimated total Soviet military war dead in 194145 on the. Hope yall enjoy!Buy us . Egyptian military casualties were 1,125 killed and 1,308 wounded. On 19 August 1942, the Allies began the Dieppe Raid, an attack on Dieppe, France. [393][394][395][396][397][398][399][400][401][402], German government figures of 2.0 to 2.5million civilian deaths due to expulsions have been disputed by scholars since the publication of the results of the German church search service survey and the report by the German Federal Archive. ^S Germany Croatian emigres in the west made exaggerated allegations that 500,000600,000 Croatians and Chetniks were massacred by the Partisans after the war; these claims are cited by, This page was last edited on 1 January 2023, at 01:07. [475], 4-The Effects of strategic bombing on Japanese morale Based on a survey of Japanese households the death toll was put at 900,000 dead and 1.3million injured, the SBS noted that this figure was subject to a maximum sampling error of 30%. Statistisches Jahrbuch fr die Bundesrepublik Deutschland 1960, p. 78. [246] Since 1990 Russian scholars have been given access to the Soviet-era archives and have published data on the numbers of people executed and those who died in Gulag labor camps and prisons. The Japanese interned 105,530 Dutch civilians in the East Indies, of whom 13,567 died. 2-These statistics include casualties of the volunteer forces from the Soviet Union. [40], General Eisenhower's Armies were facing resistance that varied from almost non-existent to fanatical[41] as they advanced toward Berlin, which was located 200km (120mi) from their positions in early April 1945. Colonial forces are not included in these figures. [38] British and Canadian paratroopers reached the Baltic city of Wismar just ahead of Soviet forces on 2 May. Page 202, "The Soviet-German War 19411945: Myths and Realities: A Survey Essay", US Army Battle Casualties and Non-battle Deaths in World War 2: Final Report, "The final stages of the naval war in north-west Europe", "12th Army Group Situation Map for 18 April 1945", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Western_Front_(World_War_II)&oldid=1128633092, Occupation of most of Western and Northern Europe by Axis troops, Fall of Nazi Germany (concurrently with the, Liberation of occupied countries in Western and Northern Europe, One was an opportunity taken by US forces when the Germans failed to blow up the, In the Allied 6th Army Group area, the US Seventh Army assaulted across the Rhine in the area between, Gootzen, Har and Connor, Kevin (2006). Third Axis Fourth Ally. According to Norwegian government sources the war dead were 10,200. Military losses with USSR against Japan in the 1939, During World War II Japan occupied Nauru in August 1942 and deported 1,200. The US Third Army had fanned out to the east into western Czechoslovakia and southeast into eastern Bavaria and northern Austria. The second phase consisted of large-scale ground combat (supported by a massive strategic air war considered to be an additional front), which began in June 1944 with the Allied landings in Normandy and continued until the defeat of Germany in May 1945. By 1940, 48,773 were purged - 90 percent of its generals, 80 percent of its colonels, and half of its core commanders - leaving the army with unskilled officers, few trained leaders, and poor morale. Straty osobowe i ofiary represji pod dwiema okupacjami. [4][5][2] In August 2009 the Polish Institute of National Remembrance (IPN) researchers estimated Poland's dead at between 5.6 and 5.8 million. Military deaths from all causes totaled 21-25 million, including deaths in captivity of about 5 million prisoners of war. British casualties on the first day totalled 58,000, the worst single day loss of the war. According to the Japanese Ministry of Health and Welfare Japanese war dead (193745) totaled 3.1million persons including 2.3million soldiers and Army/Navy civilian employees, 500,000 civilians in Japan and 300,000 civilians living outside of Japan. The US 6th Army Group fanned out to the southwest, passing to the east of Switzerland through Bavaria and into Austria and northern Italy.[when?] Manchuria: 45,900, 800, (46,700) Bureau odszkodowan wojennych, Statement on war losses and damages of Poland in 19391945. "Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS) Netherlands" (PDF). Estimated civilian deaths range from about 14 to 17 million. Lesser Sundas: 51,800, 1,200, (53,000) 5354. Military Losses by theatre of war: Italy 74,725 (37,573 post armistice); France 2,060 (1,039 post armistice); A large number of partisans and members of the RSI forces were former members of the armed forces of the Kingdom of Italy, to which is referred the 3,430,000 figure. people on Earth in 1940. 2, 2003, 300309 (26.6million), Lennart Lundberg Handelsflottan under andra vrldskriget p.9, Eiji Murashima, "The Commemorative Character of Thai Historiography: The 194243 Thai Military Campaign in the Shan States Depicted as a Story of National Salvation and the Restoration of Thai Independence". An additional 700,000 were taken prisoner by the Soviets were 50,000 died in forced labor in the USSR and Outer Mongolia. After the reoccupation by the USSR, 5,000 Estonians died in Soviet prisons during 194445. Merchant Mariners killed in World War II are listed by USMM.org. Ed. They maintain that figures related to flight and expulsion have been manipulated by the German government due to political pressure. The hardest hit localities were Podgorica, Leskovac, Zadar and Belgrade. Some scholars maintain that the definition of the Holocaust should also include the other victims persecuted and killed by the Nazis. D. The systematic extermination of large numbers of people for political, religious or racial reasons. other overseas 23,388 killed and 0 wounded. Estonian State Commission on Examination of Policies of Repression;The White Book: Losses inflicted on the Estonian nation by occupation regimes. Military deaths from all causes totaled 2125million, including deaths in captivity of about 5million prisoners of war. Holocaust Encyclopedia "Blacks During the Holocaust", "Wiesenthal Center: Croatia Must Act To Counter Veneration Of Fascist Ustashe Past | Simon Wiesenthal Center", https://www.routledge.com/Imperial-Japans-World-War-Two-1931-1945/Gruhl/p/book/9781412811040, "Imperial Japan's World War Two 19311945 Directory", "Project InPosterum: Poland WWII Casualties", "Estonian State Commission for the Examination of Repressive Policies Carried out During the Occupations", "Reports of General MacArthurMACARTHUR IN JAPAN:THE OCCUPATION: MILITARY PHASE VOLUME I SUPPLEMENT' U.S. Government printing Office 1966 p. 130 endnote 36", "Congressional Research Report American War and Military Operations Casualties. Civilian war dead were approximately 2,100, French military war of 210,000 dead include 150,000 regular forces (193940. Gruhl estimates POW deaths in Japanese captivity at 331,584. The French forces launched a small offensive, the Saar Offensive against Germany in the Saar region but halted their advance and returned. [147] It was not possible to predict where the Allies might choose to launch their invasion. [195][196], The following figures are from The Columbia Guide to the Holocaust, the authors maintain that "statistics on Gypsy losses are especially unreliable and controversial. 10,066; Paramilitary 3,252; not indicated 45,078. (International Population Statistics Reports series P-90, No. Manchuria & USSR 7,483 killed and 4,641 wounded. 600,000 POWs of Allies; 50,000 POWs of Russians; 650,000 POWs of Germans, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS, AMERICAN PRISONERS OF WAR (POWs) AND MISSING IN ACTION (MIAs), U. S. DEPARTMENT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS, AMERICAN PRISONERS OF WAR (POWs) AND MISSING IN ACTION (MIAs) (incl. This was followed by a tedious campaign to clear a peninsula dominating the estuary, and finally, the amphibious assault on Walcheren Island in November. Bonn 1989 P.41 (100,000 during wartime flight; 200,000 in USSR as forced labor and 100,000 in internment camps), Wirtschaft und Statistik October 1956, Journal published by Statistisches Bundesamt Deutschland. During World War II, 1.2million African Americans served in the U.S. Armed Forces and 708 were killed in action. Percy Schramm Kriegstagebuch des Oberkommandos der Wehrmacht: 1940 1945: 8 Bde. [447] With an introduction by Konrad Adenauer. For nations that suffered huge losses such as the Soviet Union, China, Poland, Germany, and Yugoslavia, sources can give only the total estimated population loss caused by the war and a rough estimate of the breakdown of deaths caused by military activity, crimes against humanity and war-related famine. 2223, . Army GroupG, considering the possibility of an invasion on the Atlantic coast, had dispersed its mobile reserves, locating the 11th Panzer Division in Gironde, the 2nd SS Panzer Division Das Reich refitting around the southern French town of Montauban, and the 9th Panzer Division stationed in the Rhone delta area. [259], Deported to special settlements: (figures are for deportations to Special Settlements only, not including those executed, sent to Gulag labor camps or conscripted into the Soviet Army. The annual death rate in 19421945 of Americans interned by Japan was about 3.5%. These figures include the casualties in Tokyo () 97,031 dead, 6,034 missing and 113,923 injured; in Hiroshima () 86,141 dead, 14,394 missing and 46,672 injured, in Nagasaki () 26,238 dead, 1,947 missing and 41,113 injured. The campaign to clear the Scheldt Estuary along with Operation Pheasant was a decisive victory for the Allies, as it allowed a greatly improved delivery of supplies directly from Antwerp, which was far closer to the front than the Normandy beaches. If the British refused to agree to a peace treaty, one option was to invade. 55, No. By V-E Day, the US 12th Army Group was a force of four armies (First, Third, Ninth and Fifteenth) that numbered over 1.3million men. Nazi Germany ordered, organized and condoned a substantial number of war crimes in World War II. Saint-Petersburg, 1995; (Russian Academy of Sciences). There are no reliable figures for the casualties of the Soviet Union and China, the two countries in which casualties were undoubtedly greatest. The database includes all servicemen and women who died during being listed in the Finnish army, navy or the air force. The US Ninth Army, which had remained under British command since the battle of the Bulge, went south as the northern pincer of the Ruhr encirclement as well as pushing elements east. The German Army Group B commanded by Field Marshal Walther Model was trapped in the Ruhr Pocket and 300,000 soldiers became POWs. Generals Eisenhower and Bradley concluded that pushing beyond the Elbe made no sense since eastern Germany was destined in any case to be occupied by the Red Army. C. Deliberate acts of reprisal against target populations were perpetrated by all combatants. In January 1945 the German bridgehead over the river Roer between Heinsberg and Roermond was cleared during Operation Blackcock.

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